Buchbesprechungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Buchbesprechungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Makroarthropoden im Grünland des Innsbrucker Mittelgebirges (Nordtirol, Österreich)

Macroarthropods from a montane meadow near Innsbruck (Austria)Composition and variation in dominance of macro-arthropods inhabiting a montane meadow near Innsbruck (Rinn 900 m) are described from collections by pitfall traps and by water traps from March-October 1975. Abundance is highest near the ground for most groups, only Diptera showing maximum activity at the surface level of vegetaion. Isopoda, Chilopoda, Carabidae are moving strictly upon the soil surface. Daily activity of locomotion is strongly asymmetric betweenend of June to mid-August, being about 120% higher at daytime than at night.

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Institut für Zoologie, Universitätsstr. 4, A-6020 Innsbruck.     

Der Einfluß von Fluorverbindungeii auf den Chlorophyll a+b-Gehalt von Pappelblättern im Freiland bei verschiedener Belastung1

The effect of different concentrations of fluorine on the content of chlorophylls a and b in poplar leaves. The concentrations of the chlorophylls a and b and of the fluoride ions in poplar leaves were measured regularly from May to September 1974. The concentration of F increased steadily whereas the concentration of the chlorophylls decreased by 30% compared to first appearance of the leaves. The content of F- to that of chlorophyll a and b cannot be correlated.     

Bekämpfungsversuche mit vier neuen Fungiziden gegen Weizenflugbrand [Ustilago tritici (Pers.)] und Weizensteinbrand [Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.)] im Iran

On the effectiveness of four new organic fungicides against two smut-fungus species of wheat [ Ustilago tritici (Pers.) and Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.)] Field experiments in two areals in Iran proved the effectivness of 4 organic fungicides: Vitavax [2,3 Dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathilin], Derosal [2-(Methoxy-carbonylamino)-benzimidazol], Thiophamine [Methyl-4-(2-aminophenyl)-3-thioallophanate] and Cercobin-M [1,2-bis-(3-Methylxycarbonyl-2-thioureido)-benzol] against the stone-smut-fungus (Tilletia tritici) and the flight-smut-fungus (Ustilago tritici) of wheat. At GorganTilletia was destroyed totally by all of the substances named. At Karadj Vitavax caused only 70–90% reduction compared with the three other products which reached 90–100%.Ustilago was controlled only at Karadj. Here Vitavax caused 60% reduction whereas the three other preparations reached 85–95%.     

Winteraktive Spinnen auf einem Acker bei Groβenzersdorf (Niederösterreich)

Ground spiders on a cultivated field near Groβenzersdorf (Lower Austria) in the winter months 322 adult spiders caught with pitfall traps on a field near Groβenzersdorf in the period 3. X 1973–5. III 1974 showed: Erigonidae, Linyphiidae,Pachygnatha (Tetragnathinadae) are dominating. 19 spp. have been recognized, most of them being already known as eurochronous or diplochronous respectively. The whole spider fauna resembles very mmuch the situation found in mid-Germany (Leipzig) byGeiler (1963).     

Über einige Nutzholzborkenkäfer und ihre Feinde

Summary Studies of some shot-hole borer species and their natural enemies The biology of some shot-hole borer species is not yet fully elucidated especially with regard to voltinism. Development ofTrypodendron domesticum L. is protracted and thus multivoltism simulated. This species is, however, generally univoltine although occasionally a partial second generation may be found. The same applies forXyleborinus saxeseni Ratz. Two parasite species have been found:Perniphora robusta Ruschka (Pteromalidae) andIpideurytoma spessivtsevi Boucek & Novicky (Eurytomidae). All investigators agree that the former is a specific primary ectoparasite of ambriosa beetles whereas the status of the latter is still disputed. The problem is discussed and phenological-, morphological-, parasitological- and geographical criteria are provided which suggest thatI. spessivtsevi is also a primary ectoparasite of shot-hole borers. The effect of both the Chalcididae is low. Rate of parasitism is in most cases below 10 per cent and on average even below 3 per cent. Other natural enemies (predacious beetles and mites) and diseases (bacteriosis) may increase the total effect to over 50 per cent.

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Herrn E. Hüttinger, Delémont, danken wir für die Anfertigung der Abbildungen.